Nontariff barries Essay

In the Xia case, if the WTO were to rule in favor of Brazil, which of the WTO trade agreements would contain the justification and why? Answer: Brazil banned imports of Xia goods from China because there was allegations and unconfirmed speculation pertaining to China’s use of hazardous materials (for example, lead paint and potentially carcinogenic plastic and rubbers) to manufacture toys cheaply, which sparked consumer panic around the globe. The imports of Xia goods were banned until the test was performed to guarantee that these goods do not possess any health risk. The Chinese government completely refuted this claim and fearing that other country might follow the similar pattern, took the matter before WTO for resolution. If WTO were to rule in favor of Brazil, it would justify it on the basis of â€Å"Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement (TBT)†. This agreement is intended that technical regulations, standards and procedures of conformity assessment do not unnecessarily international trade barriers, while recognizing the right of Members to take regulatory measures to achieve its legitimate objectives, including: the imperatives of national security, the requirements in terms of quality, the protection of human health or safety and the life or health of animals, plant life, environmental protection and prevention practices likely to mislead. (Fliess and Schonfeld, 2011) TBT Agreement applies to: †¢Technical regulations: These are measures that establish the features of a product and the processes and production methods which compliance is mandatory. †¢Standards: These are measures approved by a recognized body that provide, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for products and processes and production methods which compliance is voluntary. †¢The procedures for conformity assessment: procedures that are used, directly or indirectly, to determine that relevant requirements in technical regulations or standards are fulfilled. These measures should be applied only to extent necessary to protect human, plan or animal life and should be based on scientific principles. Since Xia goods are alleged to have some health risks, the temporary ban on its import was justified until it was provided that it is free of health hazards. 2.If the details of the Xia case were indeed presented to the WTO, explain what the WTO ruling would most likely be and why. Answer:  The objective of the dispute settlement mechanism is to secure a positive solution to a dispute. This is clearly to be preferred to a mutually acceptable to the parties to the dispute and consistent with the covered agreements. Failure to reach a mutually agreed solution, the first objective of the dispute settlement mechanism is usually to secure the withdrawal of the measures concerned if these are found to be inconsistent with the provisions of any of the covered agreements. Do not resort to compensation only where it is not feasible immediately suppress inconsistent with a covered agreement and as a temporary measure pending the withdrawal. The last resort which this Understanding to the Member invoking the dispute settlement procedures is the possibility of suspending a discriminatory manner against another Member, the application of concessions or other obligations under the covered agreements provided that the DSB authorize the adoption of these measures. (Raghavan, 2000). If it is indeed proved that Xia goods are manufactured from hazardous materials, the ruling of WTO is likely to be in favor of Brazil. In such a case, WTO is likely to define an international standard for Xia’s goods to be exported to other countries. If the quality of product falls below this minimum standard, the ban on imports will be justifiable. On the other hand, if goods from China are meeting these standards, the ruling would be in favor of China and Brazil would not be able to restrict its import. 3.In the soybean case, what was the measure adopted by the Chinese government to protect soybean farmers from import surges, and what are the WTO parameters for instituting such measures? Answer: China imported 49% of Brazil’s soybean sued until July 2012. These were 17.1 million tones from 34.9 Total you bought. Thus, the South American country is located on the first exporter of oilseed Asian giant, the largest global importer of the product. (Kassai and Colitt, 2013) Brazilian soybean exports to China were being used to feed domestic cattle and poultry stocks in China. This rise in the demand for soybeans reflected the discovery by animal nutritionists that combining 1 part soybean meal with 4 parts grain, usually corn, in feed rations would sharply boost the efficiency with which livestock and poultry converted grain into animal protein. Chinese government restricted imports on soybean and argued that surge of imported soybeans and its lower cost were negatively affecting the livelihood of domestic coastal farmers who were being forced to increase the domestic price of soybean to offset crop losses from flooding. Here, the Chinese government has used â€Å"Agreement on Safeguard† to protect soybean farmers from import surges. Such measures are used when increased import of particular products seriously threatens the importing country’s domestic industry. WTO parameters for instituting such measures: a) Imports must have serious implications for domestic industry b) Measures should only be temporary c) Should not be discrimination while imposing such measures on different countries. 4. If the details of the soybean case were indeed presented to the WTO, explain what the WTO ruling would most likely be and why. Answer: The Chinese government would reduce or eliminate the quotas and other measures which until now have protected domestic production of soybeans from cheaper imports. China’s consumption of soybeans ballooned by more than 160% between 2000 and 2011 when import barriers were removed, but the area planted with soybeans declined by 20% during those same years. Chinese farmers were simply unable to compete with imported soybeans that were RMB 300 to 600 (US$45-90) cheaper per ton than domestic beans. Imported soybeans now account for three-quarters of the soybeans processed into cooking oil and feed in China, the products of soybean crushing. If China is able to prove that domestic soybean producers are not able to survive because of low cost imports from Brazil, the WTO ruling would be in favor of China and such measures would be upheld. However, if such measures were used as retaliation to Brazilian ban on Chinese toys, the WTO ruling would be in favor of Brazil and China would not be able to restrict import of Soybean from Brazil. REFERENCES Raghavan, Chakravarthi (2000). The World Trade Organization and its Dispute Settlement System. Retrieved from: http://www.twnside.org.sg/title/tilting.htm Kassai Lucia, Colitt Raymond. (2013). Brazil Soy Boom Bottlenecked as China Left Waiting: Commodities. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/ Busch, Marc L. Eric Reinhardt (2003), â€Å"Developing Countries and GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement†, Journal of World Trade 37(4) Filess Barbara, Schonfeld Raymond, (2011). Using International Standards in Regulations. OECD Provides a New Tool for Governments. Retrieved from: http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/MJ_2011/perspective_mj11.html World Trade Organization. (2014). Technical barriers to trade. Retrieved from: http://www.wto.org World Trade Organization. (2014). Agreement on Safeguards. Retrieved from: http://www.wto.org

Economic Principles

_____________________________________________________________ BEO1105 Economic Principles Assignment: Semester 2, 2012 DUE: Week beginning the 10th of September, 2012 Value: 20% of Total Assessment * Since the assignment forms a part of the final assessment for the subject, no assistance will be provided by the staff in relation to answers to the questions. However, if you need any clarifications in regard to the questions, you may contact the lecturer/tutor. You should attach the duly completed Assessment Declaration form available in the Assessment Information section of the subject Web site (WebCT). * You should comply with the assignment presentation requirement as outlined in the subject guide. * The assignment must be typed with a maximum of 600 words in total. * The completed assignment must be lodged with your tutor during your scheduled tutorial in the week it is due. ___________________________________________________________________________ Question 1 (9 marks)During the 1 990s, technological advance reduced the cost of computer chips. Explain, with the use supply and demand diagrams, how the following markets are affected in terms of prices and quantities. (a) Computers (3 marks) (b) Computer software (3 marks) (c) Typewriters (3 marks) Question 2 (6 marks) After an economics lecture one day, your friend suggests that taxing food would be a good way to raise revenue because the demand for food is quite inelastic. a) In what sense is taxing food is a ‘good’ way to raise revenue? (3 Marks) (b) In what sense is it not a ‘good’ way to raise revenue? (3 Marks) Question 3 (5 marks) Most studies of firms’ long run costs have found that average costs decline as firms produce increasingly larger output levels (economies of scale), such as for automobile firms. However, trucking (haulage) firms appear not to experience falling average costs associated with large-scale operations. Why might this be the case? Explain

Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essays

Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essays Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essay Does the focal length of a lens depend on the colour of light used Essay I intend on using light with as much difference in wavelength as possible so that I can compare my results with more ease and so that errors in my experiment do not lead to overlapping results that have no distinct difference in them. However as I am restricted to a school laboratory I shall be using light on the part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye. This is because filters for red and blue light can be found and used easily and have a large enough wavelength difference (red light with a wavelength of around 700nm whilst blue light is nearly 400nm) as they are on opposite parts of the visible spectrum to each other. Before I started the experiment I was given the lens I was going to use in the experiment so that I could work out the rough focal length of the lens. This meant that I could work out the distances I will I was going very useful because the equation I was going to use was 1/U + 1/V = 1/F My hypothesis is that light with shorter wavelengths will ha ve shorter focal points. Throughout my coursework U will stand for and V will stand for.Apparatus1) Ray box (12V)2) Power supply (able to supply12V)3) Object slide4) Lens of unknown focal length5) Lens holder6) Screen7) Screen holder8) Meter rule9) 30cm ruler10) Light blocking slides x 3Working out appropriate Object distancesOn my graph I want at least 8 points to make sure that the line made is as accurate as possible. And I worked out the rough focal length by using my lens by producing an image of the trees outside the classroom on the wall, and found this to be around 19cm. So I choose points on the graph I am going to do separated out as far as possible by first finding the reciprocal of 0.2 (the previous measurement in meters) to be 5 then working out the reciprocals for the points that have a 0.5 difference from this.I used three decimal places in the object distance because my meter rule can measure to the closest one millimetre not 5 millimetres.Graph value (1/U)Object di stance (meters)50.2004.50.22240.2503.50.28630.3332.50.40020.5001.50.66611.000Method/ clear plan1) Collect the apparatus listed earlier2) Set up the diagram up as shown.3) Insert the red filter into the ray box4) For each different object distance move the screen until the image is in focus.5) Repeat this twice for each object distance listed earlier then carry out the same procedure using the blue filterData treatmentOnce I have the results for the object and image distances the first thing I will do is find the average image distance for each object distance in both of the filters. Once I have done this I will find the reciprocal values of the image and object distances for both of the filters.I will be using the equation1/U + 1/V = 1/FI have worked out that this can be rearranged into the equation for a straight line (y=mx +c) with a gradient of minus one and a constant of 1/f1/U = -1(1/V) + 1/FUsing this equation I can plot the respective reciprocal values of the object and image distances onto a graph showing 1/U against 1/V. This straight line can be extended so that the point where the line intercepts the y axis is found. And at this point the x value is zero meaning 1/U=1/F so the intercept of the y axis finds the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens. I will plot the graph for both the blue and red filters and compare their focal lengths. The graph will look like the one below1/U1/VThen using sound physics I shall explain the graphs and draw a conclusion from them.Due attention and consideration to accuracy and sensitivityWhen setting up my apparatus I will make sure that everything is exactly in line. This means my screen, lens, image and light source will all have to be as close to parallel to each other as possible. If they are not in line then my image and object distances will not be accurate because the light hasnt travelled in a direct straight line from the light source through the image and lens onto the screen, and my meter rule or tape measurer will be measuring these distances as if they were straight. If they are all in line then the image should be projected onto the screen without having to move the screen (I may have to put the ray box or screen on top of a book to ensure this).I have worked out appropriate object distances so that when I am plotting my graph the points are evenly spaced. This means that I will be able to see the correlation of the points on my graph more easily.I will also keep everything as constant as possible by; using the same ray box, using the same voltage to the ray box, using the same screen, keeping the screen tilted perfectly in line with the other apparatus all the time, and obtaining all of my results in the same level of light. The only variable will be object distances and the type o filter.I will be doing repeats so that my results become more reliable, and therefore ensure a more accurate conclusion and a higher likelihood of success in completing my aim.I will be using a met er rule which can measure distances to the closest millimetre. The meter rule is the most accurate measuring device I could get for measuring distances ranging from 200cm-20cm. This will keep the errors in my experiment low allowing a more reliable conclusionSafetyI will be carrying out the experiment in the dark so I will be careful not to walk into other people and objects because this could lead to an injury.The ray box will be on for a long period of time and may get very hot so I will let it cool down before touching it (to put it away) so that I do not hurt my hand. I will also make other people aware of this so that they dont burn their hands.Results tablesred filterU (cm)V (cm)V (1st repeat)(cm)V (2nd repeat) (cm)average V (cm)minimummaximumminimummaximumminimummaximum20.0220.2247.0225.6255.3222.7245.0236.022.0154.7163.0150.2165.0152.6165.2158.525.078.581.580.588.879.288.982.928.562.064.060.063.061.363.562.333.348.149.546.048.347.048.347.940.039.540.038.739.438.640.039.450.0 33.033.432.733.032.933.333.166.728.529.028.628.928.628.928.8100.025.125.225.125.025.125.125.1blue filterU (cm)V (cm)V (1st repeat) (cm)V (2nd repeat) (cm)average V (cm)minimummaximumminimummaximumminimummaximum20.0210.0235.0212.0230.0215.4230.0222.122.0140.0162.0145.0165.0144.0161.0152.825.075.584.378.582.079.783.080.528.560.362.059.162.259.562.560.933.347.548.245.747.647.048.147.440.039.238.738.339.138.038.738.750.033.033.432.332.633.032.632.866.728.528.728.228.728.428.828.6100.025.425.525.024.725.225.425.2red lightreciprocal of U (1/m)reciprocal of average V (1/m)1.03.9841.53.4722.03.0212.52.5383.02.0873.51.6054.01.2064.50.6185.00.423blue lightreciprocal of U (1/m)reciprocal of average V (1/m)1.03.9781.53.4972.03.0492.52.5843.02.1103.51.6424.01.2424.50.6545.00.450There are no anomalies in my resultsAnalysing the graphThe lines on my graphs both have gradients of around -1 and are parallel to each other. This shows that the only variable could have been the colour of the light. The gradient was minus one because of the equation of the straight line I was using (1/U = -1(1/V) +1/F) had a theoretical gradient of minus one.The graph shows that the blue light has a shorter focal length because the blue line is above the red line meaning the reciprocal value of the focal length is greater. Using the graph I worked out that the blue light focal length was 0.187 meters and the red light focal length that was 0.192 meters (I did this by finding the y axis intercept). This is because the blue light has a shorter wavelength compared to the red light and travels at the same speed as the red light so the blue light must have a greater frequency. Because the blue light has a greater frequency it travels a greater distance inside the lens and this means the lens to bends the light more because the blue light is affected by the different density of the glass more than the red light.Conclusion stated and related to resultsThe focal point of a lens changes as the colour of li ght changes. This is shown in my results because the blue light (which has a longer wavelength than the red light) always had a smaller average focal point for each respective object distance compared to the red light. For example when U was 22cm the average focal point for blue light was 152.8cm and for red light the focal point was 158.5cm. In conclusion the colours of light with smaller wavelengths like blue light bend more than light with longer wavelengths like red lightQuantitative and qualitative discussion of limitations, errors and conclusionIn the experiment there were many errors that could eventually be magnified making inaccurate results. These were the range of the focal point because I could not find the specific focal point with my eye, measuring the meter rule or tape measurer, estimating where the lens was because the lens holder obscured the vision of the meter rule. These percentage errors can be worked out using the equation percentage error = (error x 100)/read ing. To find out the largest amount these could have affected my results I will find the percentage error for the longest length measured, which was when I was measuring using the object distance of 20cm with a red filter. The also for a blue filter and compare to find any overlapRed filter for U 20cmApparatus nameerror in apparatuslargest reading (cm)largest percentage error (%)meter rule (mm) for U0.52000.25tape measure (mm) (for V)0.523600.02focal range (mm)263236.011.14Blue filter for U 20cmApparatus nameerror in apparatuslargest reading (cm)largest percentage error (%)meter rule (mm) for U0.52000.25tape measure (mm) (for V)0.522210.02focal range (mm)240235010.21CalculationsFor red light0.25 + 0.02 + 11.14 = 11.41Using 1/U + 1/V = 1/V the focal length is 0.192 metersLargest possible focal length = 0.192 x 1.1141 = 0.214(m)Smallest possible focal length = 0.192 x 0.8859 = 0.170(m)For blue light0.25 + 0.02 + 10.21 = 10.48Using 1/U + 1/V = 1/V the focal length is 0.183 metersLarges t possible focal length = 0.183 x 1.1048 = 0.202(m)Smallest possible focal length = 0.183 x 0.8952 = 0.164(m)From these values I can see that the focal lengths of the red and blue light do overlap, in that the blue lights highest focal length (0.202(m)) is greater than reds smallest (0.170(m)). After seeing the extent at which they overlap I would say that my errors are so big because of the limitations that my results have limited reliability and therefore my conclusion has limited reliability. However the trends and patterns were still present. These percentage errors were chosen because they are the largest possible error in my experiment. In conclusion I have the experiment was successful because the aim was achieved. The focal length of a lens is inversely proportional to the frequency of the light travelling through the lens.I think that I did enough repeats to make my results reliable enough for it to make my conclusion more accurate. I also found no anomalies in my results t hat could affect the way in which the results manifest themselves on a graph this would make my conclusion harder to make and less reliable. However in the experiment I choose the two most extreme wavelengths in the visible light spectrum. I can only presume that the rest of the wavelengths in between behave the same way. This limits the reliability of my conclusion.My aim was achieved but the conclusion is not very reliable.ModificationsTo make my results more accurate I could use auto focus technology that can be found in some projectors and cameras rather than the human eye (which has questionable reliability) to determine the focal point. This will ensure that I have the smallest possible error in the perception of the best (most in focus) image distance. And in my experiment I found the percentage error in the determining of the focal point to be over 10%. Without this error my conclusion would still have been the same. I could also use a see through lens holder because it was hard to determine the object distance using the lens holder provided, and because I was using reciprocal values a small difference is magnified when dealing with small object distances. I would also measure more distances to increase the reliability. I would also use different lenses so that I could compare that affect to gain a more reliable conclusion. And I would also a transparent lens holder designed to slide over a meter rule to increase he accuracy of my results.

Historical Profile of the Roman Republic

Historical Profile of the Roman Republic Rome was once just a little hilly city, but soon its capable fighters  and engineers took over the surrounding countryside, then the boot of Italy,  then the area around the Mediterranean Sea, and finally, even further, extending into Asia, Europe, and Africa. These Romans  lived in the Roman Republic   a  time period and a system of government.   The Meaning of Republic: The word republic comes from the Latin words for thing and of the people The res publica or respublica referred to the public property or the common weal, as the online Lewis and Short Latin dictionary defines it, but it could also mean the administration. Thus, the term republic as first employed as a description of Roman government had less baggage than it carries today. Do you see the connection between democracy and republic? The word democracy comes from Greek [demos the people; kratos strength/rule] and means rule of or by the people. The Rise of Democracy The Roman Republic Begins: The Romans, who were already fed up with their Etruscan kings, were spurred to action after a member of the royal family raped a patrician matron named Lucretia. The Roman people expelled their kings, driving them from Rome. Even the name of king (rex) had become hateful, a fact that becomes significant when the emperors took control as (but resisted the title of) king. Following the last of the kings, the Romans did what they were always good at copying what they saw around them and adapting it into a form that worked better. That form is what we call the Roman Republic, which endured for 5 centuries, beginning in the year 509 B.C., according to tradition. Tarquin, the Last King of RomeBrutus, Lucius Junius BrutusRape of LucretiaFamous Men of Rome The Government of the Roman Republic: 3 Branches of GovernmentHaving witnessed the problems of the monarchy on their own land, and aristocracy and democracy among the Greeks, when the Romans started the Republic, they opted for a mixed form of government, with 3 branches: consuls, senate, and an assembly of the people. Cursus HonorumAristocratic men were expected to follow a certain series of life events, from the military to the political. In the political sphere, you couldnt just decide you want to be consul and apply for the position. You had to be elected to other lesser offices first. Learn about of the magisterial offices and order in which they must be held. ComitiaAssemblies were an aspect of democratic government. There was an assembly of the centuries and an assembly of the tribes.ConsulsAt the top of the political ladder at least of the political offices were imperium (power), since there wee also censors who lacked imperium were the consuls (occasionally, dictators), two of which served for a period of a y ear. Consult this list of consuls for those pairs of men who held office during the period of the collapse of the Republic. Censors of the Roman RepublicCensors didnt rate movies in ancient Rome but did conduct the census. Here is a list of the censors of Rome during the Republican period. Periods of the Roman Republic: The Roman Republic followed the legendary period of kings, although history dosed heavily with legends continued into the period of the Roman Republic, with a more historical era only beginning after the Gauls sacked Rome [see the Battle of the Allia c. 387 B.C.]. The period of the Roman Republic may be further subdivided into: an early period, when Rome was expanding to the start of the Punic Wars (to c. 261 B.C.),a second period from the Punic Wars until the Gracchi and civil war (to 134) during which Rome came to dominate the Mediterranean, anda third period, from the Gracchi to the fall of the Republic (to 30 B.C.). Timeline for the End of the Roman Republic The Growth of the Roman Republic: Wars of the Roman RepublicRome emerged only gradually as the leader of Italy and then the Mediterranean. Starting in the legendary period under the kings, Rome had joined forces with Sabines (as in the rape of the Sabine women) and Etruscans (who ruled as kings of the Romans). During the Roman Republic, Rome formed treaties with neighboring villages and city-states to allow them to join forces either defensively or aggressively. Roman Treaties of the Roman RepublicDuring Romes early period of expansion, from the fall of the monarchy in 510 B.C. until the mid-third century, she gradually spread her dominion over the peninsula of Italy, making treaties with all the states she conquered. The Growth of RomeRome started gaining strength from about 510 B.C., when the Romans threw out their last king, until the middle of the 3rd century B.C. During this, the early Republican period, Rome made and broke strategic treaties with neighboring groups in order to help her conquer other city-state s. Expansion of Rome Beyond ItalyRome didnt initially set up to conquer the world, but it gradually did so, anyway. A side effect of its empire-building was the reduction of Republican Romes democratic policies. The End of the Roman Republic: Books on the Late Republic / Roman RevolutionSometimes it seems as though there is too much material on Rome around the time of Julius Caesar. Theres a reason for this many first-hand accounts a rarity in ancient history. The authors of the following books distil the Latin primary sources to present authoritative pictures of the Roman Republic when it was the dominant world power abroad but in revolt or chaos closer to home. Articles on the End of the Roman RepublicLook at the Gracchi brothers, the conflict between Sulla and Marius, external forces like Mithradates of Pontus and pirates, the social war, and other factors that strained the Roman republic and led to the formation of the first period of the Roman Empire, the Principate.

The Impact of Lupus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Impact of Lupus - Essay Example As Petri puts it, "Instead of fighting infection, the immune system attacks 'self/ the person's normal tissues" (qtd. in Meadows 29). An examination of the causes, symptoms and treatment of lupus helps one to better understand the physiological impact the disease has, while a look at families coping with lupus and certain other symptoms illuminate the psychological aspects. Researchers have attempted to combat lupus by pinning down its origin or causal factors but thus far they have been largely unsuccessful. There are many factors that appear to be closely associated with lupus, and a combination of these factors may be responsible for its origin. Experts believe that it develops from complicated genetic and environmental factors. The fact that it is mainly the women who contract this disease and that it is more prevalent in certain races (Asians, Hispanics, and African - Americans) point to genetic determinants. Moreover there is some evidence that it runs in families. Environmental factors, such as prolonged exposure to sunlight are believed to trigger dormant symptoms. There have also been reported cases of drug - induced lupus, where drugs like hydralazine, procainamide, sulphasalazine, minocycline, may aggravate symptoms or cause similar symptoms in otherwise healthy individuals (Hughes 100). Lupus is a complex illness that may focus its atta... The range of severity also varies. Severe forms of the disease are easier to identify than milder forms. Because of the disconcerting array of symptoms, that may not exclusively suggest lupus, physicians are more likely to make the diagnosis when the disease is well advanced. This results in an unfavorable prognosis for the patient. Skin rashes, weakness, and general fatigue, muscular pain, sudden loss of hair, ulcers, and inflammation of membranes surrounding internal organs are believed to be the most common symptoms. Patients may also show a history of miscarriages and migraine attacks. Lahita and Phillips describe Raynaud's phenomenon as a characteristic syndrome, where "the toes and the fingers turn red, white, and blue because spasms in their small arteries stop the blood flow" (81). Another reportedly common symptom is the malar rash, which spreads across the cheek in the shape of a butterfly. Stress, depression, and psychosis have also been reported as likely psychological sy mptoms. Treatment of Lupus Since there is no cure for lupus, treatment focuses on containing or controlling the illness. The symptoms are treated and with time it is hoped that the ill effects will recede never to come back. As the symptoms are so varied, treatment programs are devised in keeping with the particular needs of the individual. Appropriate medications as well as lifestyle changes are advocated. Medications are the preferred mode of treatment for severe cases. The drugs used in the treatment program include, Non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Antimalarials, Steroids, and Immunosuppressives (Hughes 35). The use of these drugs causes side - effects, which in some cases are worse than the disease itself and endanger the long - term health of the

Modify the last one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modify the last one - Essay Example 2.2 Basis of the Research The present research will be focused on an individual company ( J T Inglis & Sons) although it is necessary to make an industry analysis prior to arriving at any conclusion. The analysis will be that for the garments industry which has a widespread presence in almost every nation around the world. It will be that in context of the Indian market although the market in other Asian transition economies, characterized by similar traits will be assessed as well. The idea will be to examine the extent to which the garments industry in India is open for Western entrants. After an assessment of the behavioral nature of the garments industry in India, the next step will be to evaluate the possibilities of J T Inglis & Sons successfully launching its stores in the country. 2.3 Recent Developments The present case will be that in the context of Indian garments industry and the peer industry in other transition economies of Asia such as China, Taiwan, etc., where J T In glis & Sons has found a robust spot. ... is also evident from the fact that it contributes almost 14% to the aggregate industrial production yielded by the country apart from the fact that it accounts for 30% of total exports of the economy. The export statistic of the economy is found to be growing quite highly as is prominent from the fact that it increased annually by almost 22% between 2004-05 and 2005-06. In the global context, textile exports from India out of aggregate exports in the segment are found to be lying between 3% and 4% according to 2005-06 statistics. Of all foreign markets which highly demand Indian textile garments are Europe and USA where Indian apparel accounts for respectively 43% and 33% of the total apparels being sold. In addition, a large part of South East Asia also accounts for huge export demand for Indian apparels (India Exports and Business Trade Zone, n.d.). Thus, there is high demand for Indian garments and apparels all across the world. But most of these apparels are highly oriental in fa shion and the high demand accounts mainly for the huge Indian population which resides in these regions, although this might not be considered the case for men’s wear. Women’s wears being exported are in line with Indian trends which are mostly what the nation produces. On the other hand, the nation poses high demand for Western wear as well, in an era of increased globalization where the young generation is highly influenced by the trends prevailing in the West. These trends might not be possible for the indigenous manufacturers to master, which is exactly what creates the room for the entry of Western textile houses. 2.4 Issue to be solved In order to figure out the issues and problems to be addressed in this paper in line with the aforementioned topic, the following points could be

Racial hostility within the media Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Racial hostility within the media - Dissertation Example Various researchers have pointed out that media has played an important role in terms of shaping the perceptions, beliefs and attitudes of people towards members of minority groups. In the United States of America, it was perceived that the media played a significant role in emphasizing the historical oppression and oppression of the African-Americans in relation to their White counterparts. In view of the same, researchers showed that the White Americans tend to have a complete lack of understanding towards the African-Americans. It is in this particular context that the researcher looked into the experiences of Michelle Obama during her husband’s presidential campaign in 2008. ... gainst a white oppressor† Generally, the racist comments were caused by the fact that Americans are not used to the fact that a Black Woman would take her place as the country’s first lady. Respondents in this particular study noted that the country is yet to be accustomed to such fact, thus they was not willing to accept Michelle Obama, thus the racist comments. Chapter 1 Introduction Background of the Study The media is known to be a very powerful institution that has been established within a democratic community. It aims to transmit and communicate cultural ideas, images, myths, and sequences of events (Nairn, Pega, McCreanor, Rankine, and Barnes 2006). Media discourse remains to be a significant means of reproducing shared beliefs and fundamental values of the society. Hence, the media plays a relevant role for exchanging opinions, knowledge, and information. The media, per se, have become a major instrument with which countries can establish and publicize its ideal s as they are expected to express a wide range of viewpoints, remain as objective and neutral as possible, and provide access to various groups, regardless of gender, racial background, religion, social class, and sexual orientation, to name a few (Wetherell and Potter 1992). Print and electronic media has made a significant impact on the daily lives of communities and its members as the television, radio, and print media, among other types of media, present the components out of which individuals can establish identities and make sense of themselves (e.g. meaning of one’s own gender, ethnicity, and national identity). Moreover, it enables the society to differentiate and understanding what it means to be â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† (McQuail 2000). At present, although the media is expected to reflect